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Moreover, the dataset provides access patterns of ransomware variants, those on a different version of an operating system, and those on storage devices with a full drive encryption function enabled.
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Our new open dataset includes storage access patterns of 7 significant ransomware samples and 5 popular benign software samples on various types and conditions of storage devices. To our best knowledge, the dataset is one of the few open datasets consisting of dynamic features of ransomware. The dataset is currently available in a public repository. To address the limitations, we present ransap, our new open dataset of ransomware storage access patterns. However, even though ransomware detection using dynamic features can deal with ransomware variants, it has the following limitations: (1) it requires the ransomware to be executed, (2) ransomware may behave differently in a real environment that differs from the controlled environment, and (3) a ransomware sample can become deactivated when command and control (C&C) servers are taken down hence, they make it impossible to compare multiple detection systems proposed by researchers under identical conditions. Therefore, many ransomware detection systems today begin to employ behavioral features, or dynamic features, in addition to static features. Cyber-criminals create new ransomware variants to evade protections shortly after anti-virus software vendors updated their signature (e.g., static feature obtained from binaries) database. Ransomware, the malicious software that encrypts user files to demand a ransom payment, is one of the most common and persistent threats. We confirmed that our best machine learning classifier using only low-level memory access patterns achieved an $F_1$ score of 0.95 in detecting ransomware and wiper malware. We then created the low-level memory access patterns dataset of three ransomware samples, one wiper malware sample, and four benign applications. The developed live-forensic hypervisor collects low-level memory access patterns instead of high-level information such as process IDs and API calls that modern Virtual Machine Introspection techniques have employed.

We, therefore, developed a thin and lightweight live-forensic hypervisor to create an additional protection layer under a conventional protection layer of operating systems with supporting ransomware detection using dynamic behavioral features.

Moreover, even worse, many vulnerabilities of operating systems enable attackers to evade such protection mechanisms. Since modern anti-virus software mainly depends on a signature-based static analysis, they are not suitable for coping with the rapid increase in malware variants.
